Huck Chapter Summary Essay

Chapter 12: Huck and Jim float down the Mississippi for a few days. They spot a boat and Huck, looking for an adventure, decides he and Jim should hop aboard. They overhear two robbers threatening to kill a third. Jim and Huck’s raft breaks loose and floats away. Chapter 13: Jim and Huck steal the robbers’ getaway boat. Huck feels bad and goes to shore for help. Jim and Huck abandon the robbers’ getaway boat and go to sleep. Chapter 14: Jim and Huck go through the items salvaged from the robbers’ boat. Huck tells Jim stories about kings and queens. Jim expresses his dislike for adventures, pointing out that they could get him killed or captured. Chapter 15: As they head for the Ohio River, Huck and Jim get separated by a thick fog. Huck finally rejoins Jim, who is sleeping. He tells Jim that he dreamed the entire incident. When Jim notices the debris on the raft, he realizes the truth and is upset. Huck apologizes. Chapter 16: Huck’s conscience troubles him on account of his helping the widow’s â€Å"property† escape and he resolves to turn Jim in. When Jim tells Huck he’s his only friend and the only one that hasn’t lied to him, Huck changes his mind. Huck encounters two men who want to search Huck’s raft for a runaway slave. Huck concocts a story about his family having small pox and the two change their mind. Huck and Jim’s canoe is stolen and their raft is destroyed by a steamboat. Huck escapes to shore and he’s surrounded by dogs.

Pronoun Usage Essay

Someone had left their tennis shoes in the middle of the floor.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This sentence has a problem with pronoun usage in that there is a plural personal possessive pronoun, but someone is a singular pronoun.   Therefore, the sentence contains an error in agreement.   One can fix this error in four different ways.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The first is to correct the error.   Someone had left HIS or HER tennis shoes in the middle of the floor.   This uses a singular personal possessive pronoun of his/her which does agree with the singular someone.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Another way to correct the sentence is to use a plural subject.   For example, both of my brothers left their tennis shoes in the middle of the floor.   Here, the pronoun BOTH agrees with the pronoun their in that they are both plural.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A third way to fix the error is to remove the pronoun altogether.   The sentence would sound like this:   Someone had left tennis shoes in the middle of the floor.   Of course this one does not imply that the shoes left necessarily belonged to the someone in question.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Finally, one can avoid the confusion with the pronoun someone by using a more obviously singular subject.   For example, a person left his or her tennis shoes in the middle of the floor.   Or, my mother left her tennis shoes in the middle of the floor, or my father left his tennis shoes in the middle of the floor.

The US Financial Crisis: A personal Revelation

After the Second World War, no one ever though that the father of democracy and the most developed nation in the world would ever be affected by a crisis arising from financial issues.   The growth of US and its position as a world power was due to the central role it played in the world war and the developments it made thereafter.Feared by its enemies and respected by its allies, the US was and still is the envy of all nations.   Though still the most developed nation and a financial power, the 2008 crisis which was a result of a combination of factors including a fall of sub prime, failure of financial establishments, high oil prices, unbearable rates of inflation and the failure of major industries.The order presented is quite similar to the actual events though there were considerable overlaps.   The US economy is badly affected, many jobs have been lost and to deal with the effects o the crisis the US will need to develop robust economic strategies.Any normal society can b e divided into two major categories: the poor and the rich.   This is a categorisation whose basis is resource ability and influence is a true depiction of the reality on the ground.   Happiness is assumed to be directly related to financial ability and all that most people seek in their lives is resource empowerment.   A look at the US shows that the cause of failure of its system arose from a single cause which multiplied.   If one should fall into the temptation that the route to happiness is amassing wealth at all cost, then they are just as gullible to failure for such an approach was the reason behind failure of sub prime mortgages.Even the rich in the society have their own problem which may even be greater than those of the poor; a third world nation is less likely to be faced by a crisis of such magnitude.When one is developing his riches, he should ensure that he develops other support systems for in reality the quest for money has no clear correlation to happiness .   Happiness is a state of mind and one cannot justify that by being rich he will live his life a happy person for as at now both Americans and Iraqis are suffering.The US case has been a personal revelation on the nature of life and what does entail.   Life is complex and success does not guarantee one will live a trouble free life.   The resilience that the Americans have shown in the face of adversity should be adopted by all people journeying through life.   The knowledge that all are susceptible to challenges is important in generating hope which is central in to the entire recovery process.The US approach to the crisis is a jewel to behold.   The US acknowledged it had a crisis and took relevant measures that did not necessarily involve the help of other nation rather the mechanisms implemented internally developed systems to deal with the crisis.Call it the personal will to deal with a problem or having the ability to; either one should never ignore their problems but should acknowledge that a problem exist and take relevant measure to deal with the problem. Screaming for help is not always the best approach to dealing with personal problems for we all have infinite personal ability that we must develop in times of plenty and emplo

Cultural and Technologies Effects on Abu Simbel Temple in 12th Century Thesis

Cultural and Technologies Effects on Abu Simbel Temple in 12th Century to 15th Century - Thesis Example There are five key divisions in Egyptian chronology, which are separated by dissolutions, and periods of warfare after which Egypt always managed to renew and restore her. One of those periods is the New Kingdom during which Ramses 2 built the Abu Simbel temple and introduced the pylon form, architectural characteristic in the temples. Egypt has a rich history of art and architecture most of which is learned through the ruins, tombs and temples. This signifies a time when Egypt had the most civilization in the world. These ruins present an indisputable record of the evolution of Egyptian life. The Egyptian culture was deeply religious, and the belief of life after death had its roots in this culture. The Egyptians had the belief that in order for the spirit of the dead to continue living, the physical body of the dead had to be under preservation. The preparations for the afterlife depended on the social status of the dead person and the higher they ranked the more extensive the preparations (Kamil 56). In order to understand the architecture and art in Abu Simbel, there has to be an understanding of the evolution of the Egyptian civilization. Civilization started in the old kingdom forged between 2650-2150 B.C. this was the time King Zoser had his rule in Egypt. In the history of civilization, the step pyramid was the first stone building. It was a design that had seven rectangles the one beneath bigger than the one above it. This design was a predecessor to the other pyramids constructed in Egypt. During this time, the sculpturing and painting began in preparation of the pyramid for the king’s burial. In the middle age, there was a significant improvement of art, and for the first time, king is represented as mortal men. The pyramids during this period were poorly designed; therefore, the rich and noble Egyptians had their tombs cut out of solid stone. The new age saw the

Report on TESCO using a case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Report on TESCO using a case study - Essay Example Recently, Philip Clarke, chief executive officer of the firm, has declared that they are opening new spaces of 700000 square feet in order to build new supermarkets. Additionally, Tesco is launching new restaurants for attracting more customers in the supermarkets (Wood, 2014). The technological innovations made by the company are its rare resources in business. The company has developed new electronic self edge labels. Tesco has also introduced a new application for Smartphone and tablet users, named HUDL. This application would allow customers to check product availability in Tesco supermarkets (Wood, 2014). The workers are highly trained and help to enhance overall productivity of business. In addition, the company has recently introduced the new semi-automatic store picking service. Such services of the company are delivered by refrigerated delivery vans. These service resources of the firm are imitable; but, would involve high costs for its competitors (Peng, 2008). The rare and valuable resources of the company can be used appropriately only with the essence of efficient organizational framework. All inbound and outbound logistics branches of the company comprise expert teams of workers who aid in enhancement of quality of services across all the marketplaces. The firm encourages participatory atmosphere in workplaces and hence, constantly implements ways by virtue of which commercial prosperity can be effectively fostered. Initially, majority of company’s profits were generated from its U.K. marketplaces. However, over time, Tesco has expanded its scope of business internationalization and a substantial amount of the profit is yielded from other nations, apart from U.K. Figure 1 in the Appendix shows total turnovers of Tesco from international markets in 2007. Figure 2 in the Appendix shows that from 1998 to 2007, financial resources of Tesco had substantially increased. From 2011 to 2012,

How does pricing strategy and price optimisation become strong Essay

How does pricing strategy and price optimisation become strong elements in revenue management to the independent boutique hotels in London - Essay Example 6). This piece of research paper explains how does pricing strategies and price optimisation become strong elements of revenue management in hotel industry, especially in independent boutique hotels in London. This paper details various pricing strategies like price optimisation, price discrimination and describe how these can help hotels to increase revenues as well as create customer focus. Revenue management is a process of managing capacity profitability that a hotel is involved in selling right inventory to the right customers at right time and for right price. One of its basic elements in allocating undifferentiated units of capacity to the available demand to generate maximum profit (Ingold, Yeoman and McMahon-Beattie, 2000, p. 3). Past and current levels of booking records are used to help the firm forecast demand and to maximize the profits as part of revenue management (Avinal, 2004, p. 52). Tranter, Hill and Parker (2009) emphasized that the hotel industries should develop a customer-centric approach to pricing. The pricing strategies that hotel industries adopt should be basically centered upon the perceptions and buying behaviour of the customers rather than solely focusing upon the products, service and profit margins (p. 117). In today’s highly competitive marketing environment, hotel industries have realized the importance of customer focus and customer centric approach along with its pricing strategies. Most boutique hotels perceive customer value as centre to its marketing concept and pricing strategies. One of the very common pricing strategies used in hotel industries is demand-based pricing, in which the hotels research the quantities of the products or services that would be purchased at different prices. This pricing method helps hotels to ensure that amounts produced can almost be sold out, but, making accurate demand estimation

Online relationships vs offline relationships Research Paper

Online relationships vs offline relationships - Research Paper Example This research attempts to explore the question of how traditional relationships have changed, and compares online relationships with traditional face-to-face relationships. A study was conducted to understand clearly how romantic online relationships are created the nature of these relationships how they compare with the traditional relationships and the possible effects that they have on the existing face-to-face relationships. In an online survey, interview established that 98 per cent of the respondents formed relationships online through text-based games (McKenna et al. 11). From a randomly selected newsgroup, 51 percent of respondents made close relationships and 35 per cent established romantic relationships. Most of those who form online romantic relationships are educated men in professional occupations, they are 35 years and above, most of them are married with two or more children. In addition, research shows that, 70 % of the people who engage in an online relationship have a full time employment, 28% are students and 2% are retired (McKenna et al. 20). Majority are college students with a few high school students. Notably, many men engage in an online relationship because of their social role of being the first to make a move in romantic relationships. Most of them are attracted to online relationship because; it enables them to develop a relationship in an organic way (McKenna et al. 25). A relationship that develops with little pressure, and one which starts due to emotions and not just a meager contact. According to Underwood and Findlay, social interactions through the internet resemble the traditional face-to-face interactions although the behavior of people who are dating online tends to be different from those dating offline (135). The researchers established this by asking the respondents whether they have engaged in certain actives with people whom they date online and

Drug Laws in the United States Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Drug Laws in the United States - Research Paper Example There are different types of drugs, some of them which are quite complicated to be handled by the laws. However, one must consider few beneficial ones like Marijuana and Hemp. In this paper, let us analyse the drug laws of USA, while keeping this perspective in our mind. Drug Problem in USA: For almost a century now, US have been fighting against the problem of drugs. Billions of dollars are been spent in this effort; almost fifty billion dollars are spent yearly for controlling drugs. Sadly â€Å"Drug abusers continue to fill our courts, hospitals, and prisons† (History of the US Drugs Policy par.1). Drug laws and penalizations are all helpful methods which are used in controlling the abuse of drugs; but these methods are quite limited in order to completely eradicate the root of all such problems. Economy, Prison system and Decriminalization of drugs: If we see the feasibility of decriminalization in USA, we must first see that almost 45 million people have tried drugs in on e way or the other. Now the question is, how many of them can be imprisoned? If the focus turns to rehabilitation and education, then one can use the help of both rehabilitation and education effectively against drugs. ... tober, 2000, Portugal had taken a step which is yielded as one of the successful and significant landmarks in this arena and it made one to think quite differently. A decade ago, Portugal was struck with severe drug problems just like US is facing today. But Portugal acted quite differently by taking away all the criminal regulations from the drugs, including the top rated ones like cocaine, heroin etc. As a result, it led to a widespread fear that this act by Portugal would create horrible mess. But in adversely, it turned out to be quite helpful to those who are caught with drugs. As they were helped with treatment and also this new focus of the government wonderfully brought down the usage rate of drugs. Also wherever the drugs increased, the increment was found quite less. Apart from that all diseases related to drugs decreased in its statistics (Greenwald p.). As a result addiction rate dropped down â€Å"Five years later, the number of deaths from street drug overdose dropped from around 400 to 290 annually† (Vastag par.2). Actually the philosophy behind all this is that, decriminalizing broke the walls between the citizens and government, and room was created for education and treatment. This tactic paid off well for Portugal and it would surely help United States a lot. The Issue of Marijuana in the US: Marijuana is perhaps the most commonly used drug in US after alcohol and tobacco. And the United States government have been running long behind the regulations of marijuana. But thus, far the results are not satisfactory. In US from 1965 onwards, around 20 million marijuana offences have been recorded. Today it is more problematic than ever because more than a hundred million Americans are using it (Real World Ramifications of Cannabis Legalization and

Jim Crow and Black Migration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Jim Crow and Black Migration - Essay Example The uproar, mostly in south, was a clear indication of racial inequality for African-Americans. The invitation laid a foundation stone for the complete acceptance and integration of blacks in American life. Washington eating dinner with Roosevelt and his family at one table conveyed a clear message of social equality both to southerners and African-Americans. At the time when America was not ready to confront such issues, Roosevelt’s decision helped to further the cause of African-American communities. Washington was struggling for racial harmony and the President strongly encouraged him through dinner invitation at the White House. Despite racist personal attacks from several politicians in response to the invitation, President’s effective governance enabled him to further the cause of black equality in America. Washington was already enjoying wide financial support in the black community and Northern whites. However, he required support among high political figures to the resistance in the South. President Roosevelt’s dinner with Washington helped remarkably to improve the working relationship between the races.

How does learning effect your life now. details below Essay

How does learning effect your life now. details below - Essay Example This accountability may not enhance the adequate decision making skills which a person requires to live perfect life, but what this accountability does, is to offer us with solutions or alternatives, which make life easy and peaceful with a high element of acceptance and broader vision to see different aspects to life. The issues can be petty, but they bring about a whole enormous chain of changes ahead. What I truly believe and have learned throughout the course is that it is important to keep a check on oneself and the gratifications around. Humans are extremely unpredictable species, they want pleasure and fun, but it bores them eventually; so life offers different phases and challenges, in which miseries enable one to learn to be grateful of what one already has. Of course, perfection is something that doesn’t exist, but somewhere on the way, it is a fair possibility that a person masters the art of excellence, Vince Lombardi believed. When I first started my self-examinat ion I was convinced, prior to the reflection, that I am a person who knows everything about himself. However, it turned out to be that I’m completely flawed, or was, at that point in time. Of course, I haven’t really understood myself completely and I’m still in the process of doing so, but I do appreciate whatever I have learned throughout the entire experience. ... This view is very generic these days; everyone believes that others are not wise. The truth is the person holds such opinion about others merely believes in others. Linking another thought from the same philosopher is about knowledge. A person cannot possibly know everything, but this he knows for sure and that what his span of knowledge. To relate to the Philosopher’s heedful analysis of knowledge and wisdom, I have my own personal experience to share. A friend once said to me, about how preposterously I discuss the random mundane matters, and was only being judgmental. Now I realize by deeply analyzing my actions and perspective regarding others, that one tends to act in such manner every once in a while. Yes, but my speaking ‘Preposterously’ of the mundane has everything to do with how I wanted myself to appear. Though, I knew that trivial matters in chat often change one’s image in others perspective and I held the same opinion about others, but unconsc iously I acted in the same manner. I adapted the impulsive style and became someone I never was, or acted in a manner that I despised myself. Although, I did not like my friend being judgemental about me, but eventually I realized that the dear friend has showed be a personality trait of mine, which I never knew before. Another thought that I reflected upon throughout this whole process is that even though friend of mine might be a different person, and he may not have reflected upon it as yet. He enabled me to reflect upon something which never came across to me and that I gathered while I was trying to figure out myself. I am not implying, but just imagining the endless possibilities of personalities in this world, who are doing the same and not realizing.

Service recovery Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Service recovery - Essay Example The first thing that a service provider should do is take the whole responsibility for the breakdown (hope and Muhlemann). For example, instead of saying, â€Å"It was not our fault†, he should say, â€Å"We are sorry and we shall see what we can do.† Apologies are a very important part of system recovery. He should make the customer feel that he is being understood and will be attended. Next, he should take immediate actions to solve the problem, and should call back the customer every now and then so that he does not feel that he is being kept waiting. If the client is too hard, the provider can use sentences like, â€Å"What can we do to make you comfortable?† How a provider deals with a difficult client is very important for a successful service recovery. A follow up call is very central after the system has been recovered to help maintain the stability of the relationship with the client. Works Cited Fitzsimmons, James A., and Mona J. Fitzsimmons. Service Ma nagement: Operations, Strategy, and Information Technology. USA: McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2006. Hope, Christine, and Alan Muhlemann. Service Operations Management: Strategy, Design, and Delivery. USA: Prentice Hall, 1997.

Need and Respect Essay Example for Free

Need and Respect Essay MichelGerges 18/11/12 â€Å" Respect is the key, they are many doors in life and basketball could be one but if you don’t get the key of respect then you will never get pass that door.† Many people that are trying to attract good things into their life have one major flaw. They do not respect what they seek. Our team desires to win and to succeed in the game of basketball but we do not the respect or mind set to do so. Respect is a very important factor in any sport. You must respect your teammates, your coach, the referee, the fans and your opponent. More importantly, you must respect the game. You must show up on time for games and practices and respect the rules of the game and the rules of the STM team. These rules were simple, the coaches did not ask for much from us. All they had asked for was for us to show respect for everyone on and off the court. Another rule was to be a leader, in a way which you wouldn’t let your teammates disturb other leagues that go on in the church such as other sports league. Show them the respect that we would want back in return. By not telling our friends to stop fooling around then we don’t show any leadership. Leadership is also a way to show respect. We didn’t show leadership when Mina had asked us all to calm down and to get our friends to stop disturbing the league. Mina has better things to do on his Saturday mornings but he decides every morning to get up early to help us even though we have been nothing but ungrateful children who just want to play around and not play real basketball or find out what it’s really like to have the heart for the game. Also, coming into practice late and walking in as if you own the place is unacceptable. It shows a lack of respect and self-discipline. We should treat this team as if it was a team outside of the church. Actually we should treat this with double the respect because this team is a privilege not a right. Not many of us have noticed that yet. Respect to me means being able to step in someone else’s shoes and take a look at life from a different point of view. Everybody has a story and a history we may never hear about, and we must be understanding and non-judgmental. Its loving and caring for everyone around us, for we are all important pieces of the big puzzle that is life. This is what I think respect means but it means many different things to different people and we need to learn to have one common ground with each other. This will help us  to advance in life and succeed and this is the same thing with basketball. If we want to win games and win tournaments than we must have respect for all our coach and teammates. Mentally and physically. We need to sacrifice our body when working hard so that you are giving a hundred and ten percent on the court and not regretting it.

Issues And Assumptions Of Hotel Mangement

Issues And Assumptions Of Hotel Mangement The following report is a thorough analysis of the outrigger Hotels and Resorts case that describe the current Information Technology (IT) being used by this firm and the Information System resources that are being employed by Outrigger Hotels and Resorts. We will first start by giving a brief background history of the company and then analyze the current business structure and the Information System currently being employed. Key Issues and assumptions are identified from the case and thoroughly analyzed. Additional SWOT (strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) analysis questions are answered and finally, additional recommendation on how Outrigger can improve their current IS and IT infrastructure are provided to improve the future outcome of Outrigger Hotels Resorts. INTRODUCTION: Outrigger Hotels and Resorts is a management company that is owned by its holding corporation, Outrigger Enterprises. It is one of the largest, privately-held leisure lodging and hospitality firm in the Asia Pacific and Oceania. With rapid growth, Outrigger is expanding its presence throughout the Hawaiian Islands and the south pacific. By the dawn of the 21st century, the industry was estimated to have exceeded $295 billion in sales (Outrigger, 2010). With more than 60 years of hospitality experience, Outrigger has a diverse product portfolio that include highly successful, multi-branded line of hotels, condominiums and vacation resort properties, including Outrigger Hotels resorts, OHANA Hotels Resorts and Outrigger Condominium Collection (Outrigger, 2010). It is considered as one of the leading destination and vacation spots in the Hawaiian market with above average performance levels of the global industry (Piccoli, G., 2005, p. 106). KEY ISSUES AND ASSUMPTIONS: Main focus is to gain competitive advantage. Currently in waves 1 and 2 of the Waves of Innovation development of its electronic interfaces with their wholesalers. But not all wholesalers were interested in automating The firms integrated CRS/PMS (Central Reservation System/Property Management System) IT infrastructure Stellex, failed to migrate with a modern platform that was thought to simplify connectivity with the other off-the-shelf computer systems Having a Central Reservation Office (CRO) operating in Denver, Colorado. Reservations were centralized for all properties in Hawaii and beyond Hawaii, reservations was taken at each property. Issues with distance, high telecommunication costs and unacceptable reliability of international network led to a decentralized structure. Competitive pressures raising the importance of integration as larger branded hospitality and resort companies are entering the market. travel agents and wholesalers were finding the condominiums hard to sell advancements in technology and the overall internet boom proving a challenge for outrigger to keep up with and jeopardizing Outriggers future stability Detailed description: The main concern that Outrigger had was to analyze the current outriggers business strategy and to come up with an appropriate IS vision, IS architecture, and a strategic IS plan for outrigger hotels and resorts that not only gives Outrigger competitive advantage but also ensures future stability and success of the firm. When looking at IT and how it is used by industries and enterprises, waves of innovation chart is used (provided in the appendix, figure 4) that identifies the current evolution of IT within a firm (McNurlin, Sprague, Bui, 2009, p. 46). Currently, it is our assumption that Outrigger Hotels and Resorts are in Wave 1 and Wave 2. Their main goals are to reduce costs (Wave 1) and in leveraging investments (Wave 2) that focus on cutting cost through organizational effectiveness while increasing corporate assets and profitability (McNurlin, Sprague, Bui, 2009, p. 47). Outrigger achieved in reducing costs by automating manual processes to wholesalers such as billing and invoicing generating organizational effectiveness. They gained competitive advantage by implementing the electronic interface to be used by wholesalers. As shown in Figure 4, both Wave 1 and Wave 2 are below the line as this identifies that systems were developed mainly for administration, finance, and manufacturing (McNur lin, Sprague, Bui, 2009, p. 47). Furthermore, with the outsourcing of their website and web services, they introduced online chat to better help their customers and provide more information to them. Although this can be regarded as Wave 5 under the Waves of Innovation as it shows how IT is used to communicate directly with consumers, thereby leading to new marketing, distribution and service strategies (McNurlin, Sprague, Bui, 2009, p 47). Also what can be considered under Wave 5 is the adoption of a dynamic package that Outrigger serves that appeals to travellers, suppliers, even travel agencies. It provides the option and flexibility to choose air, hotel, car rental and even activities, ticketed independently and then priced out as a bundle to the buyer. This is another example of how Outrigger is reaching consumers and creating opportunities (Wave 5 in Waves of Innovation) by directly communicating with their prospective clients, making use of internet and e-commerce (McNurlin, Sprague, Bui, 2009, p. 47). Outrigger Hotels and Resorts historically maintained a highly centralized organization structure. As the firm grew in size from Hawaii locations and expanded internationally such as Australia, Outrigger remained consolidated and offered centralized services where possible such as in accounting, IT, finance, engineering, purchasing etc. The challenge that was presented with their Australian resorts was of distance and real-time coordination of the reservation system with the central reservation service. Within the IT infrastructure, the firm felt that its current centralized IT infrastructure was the source of competitive advantage. Their software Stellex was an integrated Central Reservation System/Property Management System (CRS/PMS) which was upgraded to Stellex 2.0 in 1992 to provide revenue management functionality and reservation center support. But with the expansion of the firm internationally, they ran into issues such as high telecommunication costs to and from Hawaii and the unacceptable reliability of international networks. Therefore, they did not extend their centralized model to their operations in Australia and the Pacific. Outriggers IT professionals did minimal application development wrote customized reports, and configured and interfaced with off-the-shelf applications. Even their website development and web services were outsourced and hosted by a third party in Portland, Oregon. Their main competitive advantage that outrigger had was the development of real-time electronic interfaces with wholesalers as mentioned above. Outrigger felt that with the use of technology, electronic interfaces will generate substantial efficiencies, including automatic billing and invoicing without human handling and thus lowering costs. But not all wholesalers were interested in automating reservation processing. The lack of interest was generated from those doing small operations or those for whom Hawaii and the Pacific represented a small percentage of business. Not only that, but the electronic interfaces proved to be expensive to maintain and replace and didnt provide the expected goals that Outrigger envisioned to gain to get beyond their competitors (Piccoli, G. 2005, P 113). System integration is the trend that allows different departments to have communication and information flow amongst each department and thus making technologies and systems co-exist with one another to work together. This is usually accomplished by implementing and ERP system that provides the accessibility of working from a single computing platform integrating different departments and functions across an organization (McNurlin, Sprague, Bui, 2009, p. 333). With stellex software though, it failed to migrate with the modern platform that integrated other off-the-shelf application prompting outrigger to re-evaluate Stellexs role. Additionally, Stellex also failed to interface with outriggers Point of Sales (POS) system which were old and needed to be upgraded first. Therefore, the whole project was aborted. Outriggers management is also in need of change management. They had this misconception that they did not want to extend their centralized model in operations because of high telecommunications cost and the unacceptable reliability of international networks. They had no central servers, stand alone systems and their use of outsourcing was limited to website development and hosting. Their data management systems consisted of data marts setup to hold detailed information for a maximum of three years, and later they would consolidate this data for aggregate analysis. Overall, Outriggers management felt that their IT function was enabling them complete success and that their IT function would be able to operate more efficiently than its competitors. QUESTIONS: What are Outriggers most important internal business strengths and weaknesses, as well as, the external opportunities and threats to their competitive environment? Strengths: Through Partnerships and management agreements with third party owners, Outrigger added properties on Maui and Kauai and grew to 26 locations in the Hawaiian Islands. Furthermore, through partnerships, joint ventures, acquisitions, and new developments the firm grew internationally adding properties in Guam, Fiji, Tahiti, Australia, and New Zealand thus becoming geographically dispersed. They also begain to diversify their product portfolio by adding condominium resorts The changing of their name from Outrigger Hotels Hawaii to Outrigger Hotels and Resorts and rebranding their off beach hotels in Waikiki to launch a new hotel brand name OHANA Hotels of Hawaii. OHANA became the largest Hawaii-owned operator in Waikiki catering to budget travelers looking for value on off-beach properties. Even though they were expanding their firm and buying properties (both on-beach properties/condominiums and off-beach budgeted properties) their commitment in their identity remained the same. Providing hospitality and sense of place to their guests visiting and a leisure experience that is rich in culture and the characteristics of their destination. 2004 data showed outrigger as being the stronghold in the Hawaiian market with performance levels above the average of the global industry. By 2005, Outrigger had a portfolio exceeding US $1.4 billion and approximate revenues of US $45 million. It awarded their success of their destination markets and to the well-being of airlines serving its destinations. Being quite isolated from any large population pool, Hawaii is a classic destination market with an exclusive fly-in customer base. Their Stellex software proved to be an anchor from which all operational systems connected, including telephone switches, call accounting, and in-room entertainment. All the Hawaiian islands had access to Outriggers centralized IT system which was served from the Honolulu-based data center, through the firms Wide Area Network. Their management of their multicultural and multilingual employees and guests in a multicultural environment adding to the richness and culture of their organization. Also, engaging in a non-unionized business in a heavy unionized Hawaiian labor market. Operating properties that have good location, strong travel distribution network and employees who provide hospitality from the heart adds value and creates a differentiated product. David Carey Use of outsourcing was limited to website development and hosting. Weaknesses: Even though condominiums represented an increasingly important share of the total portfolio of properties, travel agents and wholesalers found them hard to sell. Not only are condominiums expensive, but they were also complex and proved to be a non-standard product from what Outrigger offered. It appealed to independent travelers and are built to serve as primary or vacation homes for the tenants offering little office or staging space for management companies to operate in. They also lacked typical hotel services and departments such as food and beverage, room service, laundry, and daily maid services. Thus, there was a lack of reasoning involved on Outriggers behalf when they decided to expand their firm into condominium market and acquiring expensive properties. As Outrigger started to diversity their product portfolio, the profile of their customers and competitors also changed. Traditionally targeting to middle class travelers and families with income below $100k a year, they became to target towards leisure travelers. A typical guest staying at their premium brand was often a multigenerational customer with a sense of loyalty to the brand and an income exceeding $75,000. Their guests became exclusive leisure travelers. Outrigger still relied on the traditional system of faxing. Reservations were taken at each location and almost all the reservations were faxed to the property. Although Outrigger was expanding rapidly, they had yet to find an integrated solution for international properties namely for operations in Australia and Pacific. Having centralized stand alone systems or legacy systems. It created high telecommunication costs to and from Hawaii, as well as international networks proved to be unreliable. Their Stellex software failed to migrate to a more modern platform that was thought to simplify connectivity with the other off-the-shelf computer systems. Point of Sales (POS) systems were not centralized and couldnt be interfaced with Stellex software as they were old and needed to be upgraded first. This resulted in inefficiency as a manual charge voucher had to be manually written. Data marts were setup to hold detailed customer information for three years, but later this data would be consolidated and it would only provide aggregate analysis. Outsourcing was done to website only. Opportunities: Investments in condominiums provided a way for expansion to expensive properties. It created value to on-beach property location spots Condominiums also appealed to independent travelers and couples who desired privacy. Hawaii is a classic destination market Competitive pressures will raise the importance of integrated system and the benefits that come along with it within Outriggers IT infrastructure. Better integrating of its international properties is a crucial stepping stone to the firms continued success. With the increasing competition in its key markets, outrigger should also look towards strengthening their electronic presence and relationships with their distributers, improve their trademark hospitality and customer service. Threats: More competition from larger brand competitors entering into the market. Hawaii is the classic destination spot and many competitors are entering into the Hawaiian market. More larger branded hospitalities and resorts are entering into the Hawaiian market Not all the wholesalers were interested in automating the service of billing and invoicing for small operations IT infrastructure needs to be upgraded and changed to keep up with modern platforms. Competitive pressures will raise the importance of integration systems within Outriggers IT infrastructure The change in the overall hospitality distribution is also rapidly changing. Historically, travel agents would provide significant amounts of information, counseling, and reassurance to leisure travelers, but more and more consumers are turning to the internet for this information. Thus, Outrigger should challenge populating the new electronic world and create a powerful presence. The emergence of online agencies such as Expedia has created significant opportunities and threats. Explain the strengths and/or weaknesses of Outriggers existing infrastructure i.e. Information Systems Technology, People (users and IS staff), and Data. Include your assessment of its performance today as well as how well equipped it is to support future needs. Outrigger existing infrastructure includes the overall establishment with their Stellex software. It was introduced in 1987 as a COBOL application and guaranteed complete redundancy and 24/7 uptime. Later in 1992, and update to stellex, Stellex 2.0 was introduced by Outrigger which ran on Sun Microsystems UNIX platform and provided revenue management functionality and reservation center support. They also implemented JD Edwards ERP system as a foundation for their back-office operations. This led to Outrigger having a competitive advantage by having centralized IT infrastructure (Piccoli, G., 2005, p. 111). All of the properties in the Hawaiian Islands had access to the Outriggers centralized IT systems and was served through their Wide Area Network based in Honolulu. Stellex provided the anchor to which all other operational systems connected, including telephone switches, call accounting, and in-room entertainment. Due to the high telecommunication costs to and from Hawaii and the unreliability on the international networks, Outrigger did not extend this centralized model to its operations in Australia and Pacific. The properties in Australia and New Zealand which were all condominiums, used standalone Property Management Systems (PMS). None of the properties in Hawaii had a server on property and these other regions used standalone PMSs and on-property reservations. Additionally, Outriggers IT professional engaged in interfacing off-the-shelf applications and writing customized reports with minimal application development. The use of outsourcing was limited to the Web site that was developed and hosted by a third party in Portland, Oregon. But to maintain the integration of the direct channels, Stellex served as the booking engine behind Outriggers Web site. The development of electronic interfaces with wholesalers was considered a key initiative and was custom-developed by the firms IT group using XML (Piccoli, G., 2005, p. 113). This provided real-time electronic interfaces for wholesalers allowing them to check availability, to get reservations instantaneously, to provide automate billing and invoices, and ultimately lowering any estimated costs. However, not all wholesalers were interested because of Outriggers small percentage of business. In 2001, business intelligence software, a data mart and analytical tools, were acquired from E.piphany and the application ran on Windows 2000 platform. Their data management system could hold data for up to three years, and then it would get consolidated for aggregate analyses (Piccoli, G., 2005, p. 118). Being able to harness the analytical power of E.piphany to do forecasts and generate business intelligence, outrigger could better use the data for marketing and operational analysis as well as incorporate information into their daily operations with improved efficiency and service to their customers. With regards to their IT staffing and organization as a whole, an organization chart has been provided in the appendix section detailing the distribution of duties and responsibilities among Outriggers IT staff. The overall IT function was organized along user needs one IT professional in charge of Australian properties application needs. The hardware support was contracted out to local vendors. Outriggers senior executives found technology a great asset to enable communication and felt confident that the IT function was enabling the firm to compete effectively and that they were operating more efficiently than their competition (Piccoli, G., 2005, p. 116). As the firm was expanding aggressively, they still had yet to find an integrated solution for their international properties. Some even questioned the viability of reinvesting in Stellex. The IS group felt that their legacy system namely their ERP, integrated PMS/CRS, and electronic interfaces with distribution partners was serving the firm quite well. They were prompted to re-evaluate the role of Stellex after a failed attempt to migrate a more modern platform thought to simplify connectivity with the other off-the-shelf computer systems in the portfolio. Outrigger engaged in limited formal technology training and relied mainly on on-the-job training when it came to software applications. This approach however created difficulties for people who were hired from outside the firm. With the latest advancements in technology, even the guests who arrive to resorts expect to have access to their technological needs. Eg wireless access and thus outrigger should look into future to provide that feasibility to their guests. Additionally, it would be best to strengthen their internet presence and populate the electronic world strengthening their electronic relationships with their distributers, improving their own trademark hospitality and customer service. Although currently their firm is doing well, but for the future, a better integrated system that connects all the international properties is a crucial step in enabling the firms continued success. Developing a right kind of information strategy and developing a clear vision for the role of IS and a solid IS architecture are a crucial step in enabling these goals. Based on your assessment of the case, state your key recommendations and rationale to Outriggers senior management to ensure that it competes successfully. To compete successfully in the future, a key recommendation for Outrigger is to implement a change in their overall current IT and IS systems and strategy and look towards the advantages that are offered by a complete ERP system. An ERP system aims to integrate corporate systems by providing a single set of applications from a single application (McNurlin, Sprague, Bui, 2009, p332). Although Outrigger has already implemented the JD Edwards ERP as their back-office operations, its more advantageous to have the ERP system integrating the whole overall different departments and properties together with one module and have information flows in real time. These days, an ERP system is used extensively in almost every major organization whether it be in manufacturing or distributing services, an integrated ERP system allows a firm to gain competitive advantage. Not only that but competitive pressures have raised the importance of integrating business processes and thus, the underlying info rmation system. Additional motivations for ERP implementations are provided in Figure 4 outlining the advantages of an ERP system implementations. To realize the benefits of ERP, Outrigger must therefore change its organizational structure and culture. APPENDIX CASE 1: OUTRIGGER HOTEL RESORTS Outrigger Organization: Figure : Organization Chart Outriggers Infrastructure: Figure : Timeline of Major Infrastructure Developments at Outrigger Waves of Innovation: Picture2.jpg Figure : Waves of Innovation Motivations for ERP implementations: Figure : Motivations for ERP implementations

Calcium Channel Blockers

Calcium Channel Blockers B. Trimble Calcium-channel blockers or calcium antagonist have several possible modes of action in hypertension. In general, these agents block the slow channel in the cell membrane and prevent calcium entry into the cell. This blocking action reduces the mechanical activity of vascular smooth muscle and leads to vasodilation. Another possible mode of action is that they block norepinephrine-mediated vasoconstriction. This may occur because alpha sympathetic vasoconstriction is produced by enhanced calcium influx into the cell. If calcium influx is decreased, then norepinephrine vasoconstriction is reduced. Another system regulated by intracellular calcium is the release of renin by the cells of the kidney. Because calcium-channel blockers inhibit renin release, the renin-angiotensin system may also be suppressed. Calcium-channel blockers prove to be useful in hypertensive patients who also have stable angina and spastic angina (Brunton, Chabner, Knollman, 2011). The vasodilation properties of calcium-channel blockers lead to a reduction in after-load, and their regional smooth muscle relaxant properties are useful in relieving coronary spasms. Calcium-channel blockers are also useful in treating patients who cannot take beta-blocking agents (Katzung, Mastes, Trevor, 2012). African-American patients may benefit more from CCBs as a first line of hypertensive treatment than others. Grapefruit products should be avoided as they interfere with normal operation of the medication. CCBs can also cause low blood glucose particularly those whose dosage is more than 60 mg daily. CCBs are mainly intended to be used for isolated systolic hypertension, and may be used in combination with other antihypertensive medications such as diuretics and ACE Inhibitors (Frank, 2008). Verapamil hydrochloride (Calan, Isoptin) is given in doses of 240-640 mg daily to control essential hypertension. The oral dose is almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, and there is a large first-pass hepatic effect. Side effects include constipation, headache, flushing, peripheral edema, and AV nodal effects such as first- and second-degree heart blocks. Verapamil has significant negative inotropic effects and should not be used in patients with congestive heart failure. Verapamil applies antihypertensive results by decreasing systemic vascular resistance usually without orthostatic decreases in blood pressure or response tachycardia. Verapamil reduces arterial pressure at rest and at a given level of exercise by reducing the total peripheral resistance or afterload against which the heart works. The dosage should be titrated for the individual. The usual daily dose of sustained release verapamil, Verelan, is 240 mg daily, however, the initial dosage of 120 mg may be necessary for patients who may have an increased reaction (e.g. Elderly or small people). If adequate control is not obtained with 120 mg, the dose may be titrated in the following manner: 180-240-360-480 mg daily (Chen, et al., 2010). Nifedipine (Procardia) used for essential hypertension the dosage ranges between 10 and 20 mg given three times daily. Doses above 100 mg are not recommended (Chen, et al., 2010). The oral dose is rapidly and fully absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, with the drug being metabolized in the liver, highly bound to plasma proteins with a half-life of approximately two hours. Nifedipine is more effective than verapamil in dilating peripheral blood vessels. Side effects include reflex tachycardias, stimulation of SA node, flushing, peripheral edema, and headache. CNS symptoms include tremors, nervousness, and mood changes (Wisloff, et al., 2012). Nifedipine and the other dihydropyridine agents (Norvasc, Caduet, Lotrel, Sular, Calan, Verelan, etc.) are more selective as vasodilators and have less cardiac depressant effect then verapamil and Diltiazem. It is recommended that short acting oral dihydropyridine not be used for hypertension due to the increased risk of myocardial infraction. Oral Nifedipine has been used in emergency treatment of severe hypertension (Chen, et al., 2010). Norvasc is a dihydropyridine; Norvasc usual dosage is 5 to 10 mg daily. Small, fragile, or elderly patients or patients with hepatic insufficiency may be started on 2.5 mg daily and titrated for response (Wisloff, et al., 2012). Diltiazem (Cardizem) dosage is between 30 and 90 mg three to four times daily. It is well absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract, with onset of action in less than 15 minutes, a peak effect in 30 minutes, and a half-life of approximately four hours. Vasodilation is limited almost exclusively to the coronary arteries. The most common side effects include AV block, dry mouth, headache, vertigo, rash, and edema (Chen, et al., 2010). Diltiazem SR is one of several preferred initial therapies for hypertensive patients with high risk of developing coronary artery disease including those with diabetes mellitus. It can be used as a monotherapy for initial management of uncomplicated hypertension with conventional tablets used three to four doses daily before meals and at bedtime. Again, elderly or smaller persons may require a lower dosage and titrate as needed for response (Frank, 2008). The algorithm for hypertension management according to The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence is as follows: KEY: A= ACE Inhibitor or Angiotensin II (ARB); C= Calcium Channel blocker; D= thiazide-like diuretics Step 1. Under age 55 years Over age 55 or Black person of African or Caribbean family origin of any age (C) Step 2. - (55 yrs.) Step 3. (55yrs) -Step 4. Resistant hypertension (A+C+D+ consider further diuretics OR Alpha blockers or Beta blocker) (The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, 2011). References Brunton, L., Chabner, B., Knollman, B. (2011). Goodman Gilmans: The pharmacological basis of therapeutics (12 ed.). McGraw-Hill. Chen, N., Zhon, M., Yang, M., Guo, J., Zhu, C., Yang, J.,. .. He, L. (2010, August). Calcium channel blockers versus other classes of drugs for hypertension. doi:10.1002/1465/858.CD003654.pub4 Frank, J. (2008, May). Managing hypertension using combination therapy. American Family Physician, 77(9), 1279-1286. Retrieved from American Family Physician: http://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/0501/p1279 Katzung, B., Mastes, S., Trevor, A. (2012). Basic clinical pharmacology (12 ed.). McGraw-Hill. The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. (2011, May 2011). Quick reference guide. Retrieved from NICE Clinical Guidelines: http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/live/13561/56015/56015.pdf Wisloff, T., Selmer, R., Halvorsen, S., Fretheim, A., Novhein, O., Kristiansen, I. (2012, April 4). Choice of generic antihypertensive drugs for the primary prevention of cardiovascular diseasea cost-effectiveness analysis. doi:10.1186/1471-2261-12-26

Euthanasia Essay - Religious Views on Assisted Suicide -- Euthanasia P

Official Religious Views on Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This essay is dedicated to the expression of the various official views of religious bodies within our nation. Most major denominations are represented. These religions have long been the custodians of the truth, serving to check the erratic and unpredictable tendencies of political, judicial and social bodies which would have Americans killing off their elderly and handicapped.    The National Association of Evangelicals believe that human beings are made in the image of God and are, therefore, of inestimable worth. God has given people the highest dignity of all creation. Such human dignity prohibits euthanasia, that is actively causing a person's death.    Is it moral to withdraw a life-support system which is believed to be an inappropriate extension of the dying process? The National Association of Evangelicals (NAE) believes that in cases where patients are terminally ill, death appears imminent and treatment offers no medical hope for a cure, it is morally appropriate to request the withdrawal of life-support systems, allowing natural death to occur. In such cases, every effort should be made to keep the patient free of pain and suffering, with emotional and spiritual support being provided until the patient dies. The National Association of evangelicals believes that in cases where extensive brain injury has occurred and there is clear medical indication that the patient has suffered brain death (permanent unconscious state), no medical treatment can reverse the process. Removal of any extraordinary life-support system at this time is morally appropriate and allows the dying process to proceed.(National)    The Union of Orthodox... ...rson cannot be legitimately interrupted. The use of painkillers to alleviate the sufferings of the dying, even at the risk of shortening their days, can be morally in conformity with human dignity if death is not willed as either an end or a means, but only foreseen and tolerated as inevitable. Palliative care is a special form of disinterested charity. As such it should be encouraged. (Catechism) WORKS CITED: National Association of Evangelicals of America http://www.euthanasia.com/evangel.html Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America http://www.ou.org/public/statements/1999/nate43.htm   Lutheran Church - Missouri Synod http://www.euthanasia.com/missouri.html Reformed Church in America http://www.euthanasia.com/lakes.html Catechism of the Catholic Church http://www.euthanasia.com/catech.html

The Giver Essay -- essays research papers

The Giver: Book Report The story starts as Jonas, a twelve- year-old boy, who is waiting for his life assignment. When he is given his assignment, he is chosen to be the Receiver of Memory. As the Receiver he has to get every memory from all over the world from the old Receiver he calls The Giver.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Giver: The Giver is the man who is the old Receiver. He is also the one who gives Jonas the memories. In the community were Jonas lives is everything is controlled, even people's memory. The Giver is the only one who is not controlled. It is the Receiver's job to store the memories of the community and pass them on to the next Receiver.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gabe: Gabe is an infant who was part of Jonas's father's work that Jonas's father brought home so he won't be released from the community(killed).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jonas's Family: Jonas's family is not like our idea of a family. They don't love each of there family members like we love ours. There is no privacy between anybody. They shared there dreams at breakfast and there day at dinner. Introduction of Characters: Lowry introduces Jonas and his family, with Gabe, plus The Giver. Rising Action: Jonas receives the assignment of Receiver of Memory. Complication: Jonas finds out that not all memories are nice. Conflict: The conflict is man vs. man. Jonas can't turn down his assignment without being released. Climax: Jonas...

The Horse Whisperer

The Horse Whisperer Among all of the devices beautifully used in this poem by Frost, personification is the one I want to focus on in this essay. My little horse must think it queer (Stanza 2, Line 1) The idea of the horse thinking about the rider's intentions and the fact that rider pays attention to what his little horse must think, shows the relationship between the rider and his only alive companion he has in this journey. Although we can consider the whole poem as an interior monologue, this relationship between the rider and the horse is the only bond there is between the man and his surroundings.He gives his harness bells a shake To ask if there is some mistake. (Stanza 3, Lines 1,2) It is noteworthy that the poet has chosen the pronouns â€Å"He† and â€Å"His† for the horse indicating the role that rider considers for it apart from being only a vehicle. Upon consideration, the horse becomes a means to an end for the speaker. The horse is essentially the riderâ €™s means for attaining his promises which he has miles and miles to get to them. With this in mind, the horse becomes an extension of the speaker’s own thoughts in the anticipation of moving forward.The horse never really asks or wonders about any of the things mentioned; it is only the speaker’s own thoughts projected onto the horse. This personification and projection of thought magnify the separation between the speaker and his surrounding natural environment. He, with his horse, or rather vehicle of progress, appears to be the only living things around. It seems throughout the poem his horse is the only thing, which tries to keep him attached to the environment and his surroundings. The horse like any practical being, wants to get on down the road to food and shelter.The narrator himself, however, continues to get fascinated by the mysteries of the forest, the otherness, sleep and death. At some point, it seems like he has given up the rationality and responsi bility of his actions to the horse as he talks with some kind of neighborly attitude towards the matter by the use of words â€Å"Stopping by† and the line where he says: Whose woods these are I think I know. (1) But when he says † My little horse must think it queer† he admits that the thinking and rationalizing process has been given to the horse while his mind is occupied with matters such as death and the promises he has to keep.The most significant auditory imagery used in the poem is of the horse's bells † He gives his harness bells a shake (11) . Other than that there is only what other sound mentioned in the poem: The only other sound's the sweep Of easy wind and downy flake. (Stanza 3) All this creates an odd, somehow scary atmosphere mirroring the inner conflicts of the rider and his only companion through this battle is a horse on which he relies in several occasions. Works Cited: http://studentacademichelp. blogspot. com Steve Pedersen: â€Å"St opping by Woods on a Snowy Evening': A Burkean/Ecocritical Reading†

Bibilical Illusions With The Novel Cry Essay

Biblical reference within the story Cry the Beloved Country Many times in literary pieces, allusions are put in novels, used to foreshadow the ending of a book. The most common types of allusions are those from the bible. This is probably because many are familiar with the bible and its stories. The goal of foreshadowing is to provide a way for the reader to think more about the big picture, rather than what is happening page by page. In the novel, Cry the Beloved County, allusions to the Bible are very apparent and hold high significance in the story. The character Absalom shows tremendous similarities to the Biblical Absalom and almost seem to be made out of the same mold. Steven Kumalo from the novel and the simple man Job from the bible are tested in the same way and come out in the end in the same way. Biblical Absalom is essentially wronged by his half-brother Amnon, when his half brother forced his sister Tamar to sleep with him. Similarly Absalom Kumalo is wronged by his father’s, brother’s, son, Matthew, when he will not admit to the court that he was an accessory to murder. Basically, both are wronged by a close family member, Biblical Absalom by his brother, and Absalom Kumalo by his cousin. In both stories, though not shown in depth, the men show a close trusting relationship with the one whom have wronged them. Before Amnon slept with his sister Tamar, Biblical Absalom would have no reason not to trust his brother, just as Absalom Kumalo would not doubt his cousin whom aided him in the murder. Later on, both men find out that, Amnon and Matthew are in it for themselves, not unlike both Absaloms. Absalom Kumalo shot Arthur Jarvis with the intentions of becoming richer. Even though Biblical Absalom killed his brother for sleeping with his sister, with Amnon dead, Absalom would inherit his fathers throne. (Bible p372-380) (Ward pp.188-189) In retrospect, both men were ultimately driven to commit the murder. Absalom Kumalo probably felt that if a white man can underhand him, and deny him money, then he deserves some of his fortune. So because whites men, kept blacks unskilled and did not allow them the same rights, many rebelled against the whites. In the same frame of mind, biblical Absalom’s hatred for his brother was built up until he decided to go through with his murder. Even though Absalom Kumalo shot the white man on accident, he was doing it for his own gain. He went into the  house with the intention of stealing and instead shot a white man out of fear. Though it may seem that he regretted what he had done, which he in some ways did, his crime could not be fully repented. More than anything he probably wishes for Arthur Jarvis to be alive. He doesn’t feels bad about killing him, he simply does not want to deal with the consequences. Biblical Absalom plans out t he murder of his brother when he has him over for dinner. Neither men regret killing a man that was as family to them. (Bible p372-380) (Davis p184) Biblical Absalom murdered his brother Amnon for raping his sister Tamar two years earlier. Absalom Kumalo, on the same note, accidentally murdered a white man, while attempting to rob him. Absalom Kumalo, like biblical Absalom essentially murdered his own brother. Arthur Jarvis, the man Absalom Kumalo shot, was like a brother to the black men. He devoted his life to make a difference in blacks rights in South Africa. For both men, the act of murder on their part, ultimately led to their own demise. Biblical Absalom killed his brother Amnon and when king David found out that Absalom had indeed killed his brother Amnon. After the murder, both men flee the scene. Absalom Kumalo, runs because the price for killing a white man is high. Biblical Absalom flees because he also knows, that if he stays, hash consequences will be enforced. (Bible p372-380) Eventually, both man are captured and die in an unusual manner against both their fathers’ wishes. Absalom Kumalo is hung for his crime, so as to set an example. Though, the hanging of Absalom is not so strange in itself, its almost foretold in the biblical story of Absalom. After biblical Absalom flees his home on a horse, his head gets caught in a tree while passing under. This act is almost too familiar. As biblical Absalom dies with his body off the ground, struggling to get down, Absalom Kumalo dies with his head in a noose, and body dangling above the ground. (Bible p372-380) (Davis p184) In the bible, Job is developed as a man whom would never speak ill of god. Job is tested by Satan, who believes that Job will curse God if his prosperity is taken away. Satan kills Job’s children and all of his livestock, but Job does not lose his faith. Satan then takes away Job health by planting boils all over his body. Job eventually become very disappointed with his life and curses the day he was born. This is a classic example of how no man is perfect and when  Steven was introduced into Cry, the Beloved Country, he seemed to strive for perfection just as Job had in the bible. Job in theory seemed perfect but, Satan proved Job not to be, just as Steven’s family proved him not to be. (Davis pp.265-272) (Bible p572-600) When brought into the story, both Steven and Job seem to be perfect and upright men. Steven, as a simple black parson and Job, as a upright man whom has shown no flaws. Though Steven’s flaws are shown early on the novel, Cry, the Beloved County, he is still seen as a good man. Both men are examples of how bad things sometimes happen to good people. They both try to be the best men they can be, by fixing others mistakes and trying to be good people. Job offered burnt offerings to god everyday for his children who may have cursed god in their hearts and Steven prayed everyday to repent the sins of others and his own. The main thing that made these men eligible to lose so much, was because they had gained so much earlier in life. Though Steven want a rich man, he was far better off than any man in his village, and Job was a very prosperous man and looked well upon by god. (Davis pp.265-272) (Bible p572-600) Since Job was thought so highly of by God, he was tested by Satan in order to see if he would lose his faith. Steven Kumalo is tested in the same way as Job. Steven receives a letter from a priest informing him with the news that his sister, Gertrude, is sick. He leaves his normal life in the valley and travels to the city, with the intentions of bringing her home. When he arrives there, he is confronted with the horrifying news that she is selling herself to men. Steven goes in search of his son Absalom, and eventually finds him. Absalom had shot a white man and is sentence to be hung. Everything that went on in Jhonnaneburg hurt Steven and just like Job, he is tortured to the point where he will break if anything else were to happen. (Bible p572-600) (Ward p.222) In the end, though both men had lost practically everything they cared about, Steven his son and sister, and Job all his children and his prosperity, but then things got significantly better. Steven loses a son but gains a daughter carrying baby, and his sister Gertrude’s son. Job loses all his children but gains ten new children and all his livestock back. It’s an interesting coincidence how both men lose their child or children, but as they regain faith, new children are restored to them. (Davis pp.265-272)  (Bible p572-600) Paton used the name Absalom as an allusion in the story. His goal was probably to allow people to see into the future of Absalom’s mortality. When I first read the story of Absalom, I didn’t any definite similarities but as the stories start intertwining, I understood why he used the name Absalom for Steven’s son. Absalom in general was a greedy boy, who really thought he deserved more and makes the mistake of killing a man which ultimately leads to his own death. Job and Steven, on the other hand, are generally men who strived to be good men. They were tested with their faith and both men failed, but they do gain their faith back, and their happiness along with it.

Client care vrq assessment

As a mobile nail technician my procedures for encouraging the use of additional services and products are:- Via verbal communication to a new client upon discussion of booking an appointment. This may take place either in person or over the telephone. I will listen carefully to the client's request for a particular treatment and will ascertain what outcome they want from the treatment. I am then able to inform them of any additional treatment options I offer which would be of benefit to them.Via verbal communication to an new or existing client during the consultation process before he beginning of a treatment. For example if the client has booked a manicure treatment, having assessed their skin and nail type/condition, if their skin is dry I would take the opportunity to recommend a paraffin wax treatment to supplement the manicure and specifically target their dry skin. During the treatment, I would answer any questions the client may have and this may Include the recommendation of another service or a product that would be of benefit to them.As a rule I would not give advice during the treatment UNLESS the client asks I want them to feel relaxed and to enjoy the experience. Aftercare leaflets are given to each client which recommend products they are able to purchase from me, and each client is given a price list detailing all of the treatments I offer. When home based, my price list is on display under the glass top of the nail station. Promotional offers on seasonal treatments and/or products to encourage a client to try something new.When the treatment is completed I will ask the client if they would like to book another appointment and will take the opportunity to ask If they would like to try any of the additional treatments that they have shown an Interest In over the course of today's retirement. When explaining aftercare, and handing them an aftercare leaflet, I can advise them of any products they could purchase that will be beneficial to help maint ain the effect of the treatment they have had and improve on any condition they may have, such as dry skin.What promoting additional services means to the Therapist If self employed – an increase in income. If employed – an increase in income or commission. An increase in sales may lead to promotion. Positive appraisals and respect. Helps to keep therapist up-to-date with new treatments and products. May be given further training to broaden their knowledge. Helps to show to clients that you are experienced and knowledgeable, leading to an Increase In regular clients. Shows confidence What promoting additional services means to the client The client receives targeted advice for their particular needs.Makes the client aware of new treatments and/or treatments they have no prior knowledge of so they can make an informed decision as to what treatments they would like. Client will be able to maintain the benefit of their treatment for longer if they try new services recomme nded especially for them, and particularly if they purchase professional reduces to use at home in between salon visits. They will feel confident that they are getting the best care from their therapist. What promoting additional services means to the Salon – Increase in sales and therefore income.Gain new clients and an increase in loyal & regular clients. Keeps the salon up to date with new treatments and products. Keeps the salon competitive in an ever growing industry. Helps with stock control & rotation. If you have products not selling very well – a promotion on these may increase sales and help reduce stock. Why is it important to understand the features and benefits of your stock? Describe what is meant by the benefit of a product- The benefit of a product is what the product can do/achieve – for example the benefit of a hand cream is that is nourishes the skin.Products contain a variety of ingredients and different products will have certain features th at provide particular benefits, for example an exfoliated may contain alpha hydroxyl acids (Shahs) from fruit, the benefit of which is to exfoliate the skin and help the production of new skin cells. Understanding the features and benefits of the products that you stock enables you to use the most appropriate reduce for your particular client to ensure they are receiving the best treatment for them that will give them the best outcome.If you are knowledgeable about what your product features and benefits are you are best able to advise your client on products they could purchase that will benefit them, giving them the best service you can, along with helping you sell the product to increase your sales and therefore income. It is also important to understand the features of your stock, as particular products may be unsuitable for a particular client for example due to an allergy they may have.Explain the benefits of a service Manicure – A manicure improves the appearance of th e hands and nails, offering a beneficial treatment that can improve dry skin, weak or brittle nails and prevent damage to the nails and cuticles. Filing the free edge of the nail improves appearance and prevents splitting, peeling and breaking. Softening and removing excess cuticle keeps them tidy and healthy and prevents the formation of hang nails. Massage of the hand and lower arm increases circulation, aids the removal of excess fluid and toxins, relieves stress and promotes relaxation.Skin is exfoliated and rushed, feeling softer to the touch. For a client with weak, splitting or peeling nails a nail strengthener product could be used, and retailed to the client to continue using at home. A paraffin wax treatment complements a manicure, particularly for clients with dry skin. This warming treatment is also beneficial for someone with arthritis. Other treatments that could be offered are:- Hand Mask, this can also be used along with heated mittens. Warm oil treatment. Products y ou could retail to the client include:- Nail file, Cuticle Oil, Hand Cream, Nail Varnish color of their choiceHow would you recognize a client's interest and when would be the most appropriate time to talk about other services? I would recognize a client's interest by listening carefully to them, watching their body language and facial expressions (such as nodding in agreement, smiling) and by asking them questions to find out what they are looking for/wanting to achieve. A client may ask a lot of questions about a particular product or treatment and this would be a great time to advise them on other features & benefits of the product or services beneficial to them. They may moment on my skin or nails and I could inform them of treatments I use.If a client commented on the lovely smell and feel of a product during a treatment I could inform them that we sell that particular product so they could continue to use it at home. A client may spend some time reading through a particular se ction of the salon's brochure so I could ask if they had any questions about something they may like to try. A client may mention a holiday in the sun they have Just booked – a good opportunity to mention how lovely it is to have a pedicure to treat the feet before ongoing flip flops & sandals, along with a waxing treatment to be ‘beach ready'!The most appropriate times to talk about other services would be during the booking process when you are ascertaining what treatment the client would like – there is an opportunity here to give them a few different options. During the consultation before the start of the treatment, once you have established any particular problems the client may have, you could offer advice on other services that will be of benefit to them. During treatment there may be occasions where the client asks questions, which should be answered.They may also be keen to chat for example when their feet are soaking or when their hands or feet are in heated mittens or booties. (Although it would be inappropriate to discuss other services if the client is showing signs that they Just want to relax during times in the treatment such as during massage, soaking feet etc). Give a brief summary of what the following laws stand for: The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 is the main legislation in the UK that provides the legal framework to ensure a safe working environment is provided for employers, employees and clients.Everyone has a duty to comply with the Act, including employers, employees and the self-employed. The Act places duties on the employer and the employee to promote high standards of health and safety in the workplace. Provide and maintain safe systems of work and safety equipment. Ensure the proper handling, storage, transportation and use of materials. Provide information, training and supervision. Provide a safe working environment. Have a written Health & Safety Policy and conduct written risk assessments. Look aft er the health and safety of there, for example clients.Some examples of employees duties under the Act are:- Take care of their own health and safety and that of others. Co-operate with their employers for example by complying with regulations to wear personal protective equipment (PEP) where necessary. To report any accidents, near misses and faulty equipment to the delegated Health and Safety Representative/Officer or Salon Manager The Consumer Protection Act 1987 protects the consumer by legislating that the products and services that consumers purchase must be safe and suitable for use I. E. Not defective.Products must be of merchantable quality and ‘fit for purpose'. There are strict measures for liability for damage caused by defective products. Government bodies are able to intervene to regulate the quality of products, and it makes giving misleading price information a criminal offence. The Trade Descriptions Act 1968 legislates that information provided by the manufac turer and retailer about products and services, must be accurate and must not be misleading. You should not make false or exaggerated claims about the benefits of a product or service to a consumer/client – to do so is illegal.Products and services should be ‘as described', be of satisfactory quality, and fit for purpose. The Sale of Goods Act 1979 and the Sale and Supply of Goods Act 1994 protect consumers when they buy, hire and return goods. These Acts legislate that goods must be:- Of good quality, as described, fit for purpose. The goods must also match any sample that a consumer is shown in-store. A consumer enters into a contract with a retailer when they purchase goods, and if those goods fail to meet the above standards then the consumer is entitled to a full refund or can make a claim under these Acts.The Supply of Goods and Services Act 1982 legislates to protect the consumer/client from the provision of a poor service or against bad workmanship. Under this A ct all services provided, for example a manicure, must be undertaken with reasonable care and skill and for a reasonable price and within a reasonable timescale. Treatment – Manicure. Possible links to suggest: Paraffin Wax Treatment Mask Treatment Hot Oil Treatment Exfoliation Hand Scrub Forearm waxing French Polish Finish Pedicure with matching or contrasting nail varnish color Natural Nail Overlay Nail Enhancements Purchase of cuticle oilPurchase of nail strengthener Purchase of nail varnish and/or backseat and/or topcoat Treatment – Pedicure. Possible links to suggest:- Leg and/or Toe Wax Manicure with matching or contrasting nail varnish color Nail Art Purchase of heel repair cream Treatment – Leg Wax. Possible links to suggest: Pedicure Waxing on other areas such as bikini, underarm Spray Tanning Purchase of exfoliating scrub Purchase of leg & foot cream Treatment – Facials. Possible links to suggest:- Eyebrow shape Eyebrow tint Eyebrow wax Lash tin t Lash extensions Make Up application or lesson Indian Head Massage Lip waxElectrolysis Purchase of eye cream Purchase of face creams/serums Purchase of make-up What is meant by the term ‘body language? Body language is non-verbal communication such as smiling, nodding, appropriate posture and personal space, eye contact. Treatments you would promote for each season:- Spring: Mother's Day Gift Vouchers . ‘Get ready for Summer' packages including Manicure & Pedicure, Facials, Waxing & Spray Tanning. Easter Nail Art with/without such as reflexology and Hopi ear candles. Exfoliation treatments such as micro determination, and body wrap treatments to ‘shed' your winter skin.Promotion of nail varnishes in spring colors – think of floral colors such as pink roses and yellow daffodils. Greens, lilacs and blues. Summer: Pre-holiday packages that include Leg, Bikini and Underarm Waxing along with eyebrow wax and tint and a pedicure. Bridal Package that includes brida l make up (trial and application on day), relaxing massage of choice and manicure with French polish. Spray Tanning Promotion such as 1/2 price matching file and polish on hands with every summer pedicure. Special offer on combinations of waxing.Promote pastel shades of nail varnish and make up and and/face creams that contain UP protection. Autumn: Target sun-damage repair with treatments such as facials, body wraps, exfoliation/micro determination. Spray tanning – ‘Keep your summer tan for longer' promotion. Halloween Nail Art. Bonfire Night Nail Art. Manicure treatments to promote nail growth ready for the Christmas party season. Promote autumn colors in nail varnish and make-up – oranges, reds, greens. Winter: Gift Vouchers for Christmas Presents. Christmas Party Packages – Manicures with Christmas nail art and Pedicures with Twinkle Toes.Body wraps and socials to keep skin hydrated during the cold winter months. Clients may not want wax treatments as regularly during winter due to covering up in warm clothes so a promotion of a buy one get one free/half price wax treatment e. G. Have a leg wax and get a bikini wax free or half price so you maintain your regular customers over the winter. Or a half price leg wax with a spray tan treatment. Promote the darker color nail varnishes such as black and blues and purples along with glitter finishes and anything that sparkles for the party season.How could you learn about new products or services for the salon? You can learn about new services or products for the salon in a variety of ways. It is good practice to continually refresh and update your skills by attending regular training courses and refresher courses which will keep you up to date with new techniques and products. Other ways are:- Subscribing to industry magazines and reading other literature for example from manufacturers, will keep you up-to-date on new products and services on the market.Researching new and other service s and products that via on-line research or via your wholesaler, other stores and manufacturers. Trialing the products yourself – use new products at home for a time to see the benefits for yourself. Receive other and new treatments to experience the treatment for yourself. Attend manufacturers sessions aimed at educating you on their products. Attend trade shows. Information sharing by all technicians within the salon. Ask questions/ shadow more experienced technicians. How will any new services benefit the salon?New services will benefit the salon by increasing the client base and therefore the salon's income. Existing clients will enjoy trying new treatments which they may then kook in regularly for. New clients wishing for these particular services will be attracted to the salon, and then may become a regular for that treatment and other treatments the salon offers. New services will mean the salon remains competitive in confident that the technicians in the salon are tra ined regularly to be able to provide the new services.The more services a salon can offer, the more the ability to adapt a treatment to suit a particular client. New services may bring a new range of products that that salon can promote for retail, increasing sales and income. Technicians will come multi-skilled and more knowledgeable, gaining client's confidence and helping to keep clients loyal to the salon. New services mean new training for the technicians which will keep them interested and enthused in their work, creating a positive working environment where the technicians feel valued.What are the main factors that might influence clients to use your products or services? Good Advertising and a good image. Positive word-of-mouth from existing clients. Convenient location. Technicians that are pleasant, professional, knowledgeable, with good presentation and personal hygiene. A clean and tidy salon. Competitive prices, loyalty schemes and promotions. A good range of services a nd products offered, that can be confidently tailored to the clients individual needs. Professional range of products.Client feels valued and looked after and has confidence in the technicians knowledge and abilities. How would you introduce a new service to a nervous client? The ‘hard sell' approach rarely works and could intimidate a nervous client. I would use clear verbal communication they can understand with no Jargon, together with encouraging body language and would be aware of the client's body language to indicate if they are interested or not, seem happy/comfortable or not, and I would ensure I am giving them enough personal space.Building a good rapport with a nervous client and demonstrating knowledge and confidence will help the client feel confident that they can trust my advice. Promotion of a new service should be timed appropriately. I would answer any questions the client has and let them sample the products that would be used, along with clearly explaining the features and benefits of the service, the length of time the service will take, the cost and the process involved. If they seem unsure – I would give them time to think it over and let them know they can call back anytime if they have any further queries.What factors must you take into account when selling a new service or product, especially if you cannot perform the treatment yourself? When selling a new service or product you must ensure you are complying with consumer legislation, for example the Sale and Supply of Goods Act 1994 and the Trade Descriptions Act 1968. You need to be well informed about the service and product – in particular you need determine if it is suitable for the particular client. If it is a high maintenance retirement – does the client have enough commitment and time to keep on top of it?You would need to know how long the treatment takes, what products are used – their features and benefits – and how much the treatme nt or product costs. You need to be aware of your client's body language – are they really interested in the sale or not? If you cannot perform the treatment yourself you will not be the best person to give the client advice as you may not be well informed about the treatment and the products used. The client may end up disappointed with the results which could lead to them making a complaint or not coming back to the salon.You could put the client at risk if you promoted a service or product you did not know enough about as it may be an inappropriate treatment for the client for example due to an allergy they may have. The client may sue for compensation and the salon may be held liable. You should find out what you need to know to answer a client's questions by asking a therapist who can perform the treatment and/or has received the product training. Or you could ask this therapist to speak to the client.If a client had reservations about a product or service I would clearl y and simply explain the features and infinite, using terminology they will understand. I would explain why this service or product would be advantageous for them. I would let the client try a sample of the product and answer any questions they have, demonstrating its usage. There may be some literature such as a brochure about the product/service that the client could read. I would not put pressure on the client, but allow them to take their time to decide. They may want to go away and think about it.If it is a treatment they are unsure about I would talk them through it step by step so they would know what to expect. The client may want to talk to a more experience therapist, or someone who has had the treatment/used the product. I would ask the clients questions to determine what they are unsure about. If they are concerned about the price of a product I would let them know how long it will last, or show them different size options. Giving appropriate and balanced information to clients is possible if you have good knowledge and experience with the treatments and products you use & sell.Keep up to date with training on existing and new products and services. Doing a thorough linen consultation, and asking the client questions for further information will mean you are best able to advise them on what is best for them, or alternatively what would NOT be ideal for them. Asking plenty of open questions which allows the client to give you more detailed answers will help you ascertain more about the client and their expectations. Noting the skin and nail type a client has will help you adapt any treatments for any particular problems they may have.You need to consider any financial restraints the client may have that might make a more ‘high maintenance' treatment unsuitable for them. They may or may not have the time or commitment needed to properly maintain some treatments, for example nail enhancements. Be honest with the client about their expectations à ¢â‚¬â€œ if what they want cannot be achieved you must tell them, and offer alternatives. The ‘hard sell' approach rarely works and the client will not appreciated feeling they are being pushed into a sale. Encouraged, to ask questions as a client becomes educated about a product or service by asking questions that are answered confidently and with knowledge by the therapist. If a client is educated about their treatment and the products they arches they are more likely to be happy with the service and effects of the treatment, and will be more likely to return to the salon for regular treatments. They will get more out of their treatment by keeping up with good homemade advice and by using products correctly.They are less likely to use products incorrectly therefore will put themselves at less risk of contra-actions following a treatment or use of a product. If the therapist questions the client, they will be best able to determine what treatment or product would be most benef icial for them, and be able to adapt treatments specifically for their needs. Better homemade advice can be given and the client will find the benefits of the treatment last longer and will feel valued as a client, and will feel confident in the skills and knowledge of the therapist.A client who asks questions, and is questioned by the therapist , is less likely to have unachievable expectations, but instead will know what benefits to realistically expect. Questioning the client gives you the opportunity to find out whether they have understood what you have said. Giving them time to ask you questions means they will not feel pressured, and you are more likely to build a rapport with the client. One question can lead to another, and you may get the opportunity to promote new services and products.Question 24, page 17 Ensure you have given the client all the necessary information about the product or treatment. They can still change their mind so stay positive with encouraging body l anguage and verbal communication. Ask the client if they would like to book their appointment now for the treatment, but do allow them time to make the final decision so they don't feel pressured – make sure they have your contact details if they prefer to call back at a later date to make the booking. If they are purchasing a product you can move the sale along by asking encouraging questions such as â€Å"Which size would you like to take today? , or â€Å"Would you like a bag for that? â€Å". Take payment from the client using the methods accepted by the salon Question 25, page 18 Some treatments are quite ‘high maintenance', for example acrylic nail enhancements. A client having acrylic nail enhancements needs to be made aware of the maintenance needed and therefore time to be committed to regular appointments for infill's and rebalanced. Once the client understands this – they can aka an informed decision on whether the enhancements are the right treatme nt for them.If a client makes a booking for a new and/or luxury treatment they have not had before it is important they understand how long the treatment will take – if they don't, they may end up running late for another appointment they have made which will spoil the treatment for them if they are feeling stressed about time. Clients also need to be made aware that it is important that they are not late for their treatment – it is unfair for the client booked in after them to have to be made to wait, and it may prevent this. This will lead to disappointment for this client.If a product the client would like to purchase is currently out of stock this could lead to disappointment – but if they are clearly informed when it will be available, and that you will track the order for them and contact them as soon as it is back in stock – you are more likely to keep them happy and keep them returning to the salon. Clear and effective communication with a client will prevent any misunderstandings and disappointment for the client. They may want to try a new treatment but it is only offered by a small number of therapists in the salon, meaning there is a longer dating list.Client's who are well informed are more likely to remain loyal to the salon. Theory Evidence Sheet 2 Question 1, page 19 Personal space is the area around a person that they perceive to be private, and if that area is intruded upon it makes them feel uncomfortable. The size of that area will be different to each individual and can be different depending on whom they are communicating with/close to e. G. Whether it is a friend or a stranger. Some people can feel very stressed and anxious when their personal space is invaded. They can feel threatened, upset or angry.Question 2, page 19 Feedback from clients on client care can be gained via the following methods:- In person via verbal communication – you or your Manager can ask your clients how they would rate the care they have received and whether any improvements could be made. Just be aware that a client could feel ‘put on the spot' when asked such questions in person and they may feel uncomfortable in giving an honest answer. Over the telephone – this could be done by the client's own therapist, the Salon Manager or another employee given the task to survey client's opinions on care.They ay be more honest with their answers than if asked in person. You would need to ensure you have up to date telephone numbers for your clients and this could be a costly and time consuming way to do a survey. By post or e-mail – using written communication. A short survey could be posted or e-mailed to clients. If done via post the clients answers could by anonymous therefore you may be more likely to get honest opinions. E-mail would be the cheaper option. The benefits of a written survey is that the client is less likely to feel pressured into completing it and can do it in their own tim e. You may though get a low response.Up to date client records would be essential to ensure you have up to date addresses and e-mail addresses. Via the Salon's website – clients could be encouraged to view the website and complete a short survey (anonymously if they wish). Clients may be more likely to complete a survey if they have an incentive such as a half price treatment or product. Any survey should be kept short and ask the most important questions first in case they do not get time to finish it. Feedback should show where you are doing well with client care and where there are areas of improvement needed. Training needs can be